What should I do if I think my child has MPS IIIA?

If you suspect your child may have mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA; also known as Sanfilippo syndrome type A), talk to your child’s pediatrician about the signs and symptoms you have noticed and ask them about next steps.

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Because MPS IIIA is rare and not currently included in newborn screening, testing happens only when the condition is suspected.

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Typically, children with MPS IIIA are diagnosed around 4 to 6 years of age, and it’s not uncommon for it to take 2 years or more to get a confirmed diagnosis.

How is MPS IIIA diagnosed?

A diagnosis of MPS IIIA is made by running specific tests that look for markers of the condition.

Screening test
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Urine test

Detects high levels of heparan sulfate.

Confirmatory tests
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Genetic test

Detects whether any of the changes in the SGSH gene that can cause MPS IIIA are present.

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Enzyme test

Measures sulfamidase enzyme activity in a blood or skin sample.

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How is MPS IIIA managed?

A child with MPS IIIA may need to see different types of specialists in addition to their pediatrician to care for their needs. These specialists may include:

  • Pediatric neurologists
  • Developmental specialists
  • Geneticists
  • Orthopedic surgeons
  • Ear-nose-throat specialists
  • Audiologists

Depending on their signs and symptoms, a child with MPS IIIA may need:

  • Speech, physical, and/or behavioral therapy
  • Seizure medications
  • Feeding tubes
  • Nutritional support
  • Sleep medications
  • Hearing aids or ear tubes
  • Mobility aids
  • Modifications to ensure safety at home and in other environments

What this means ...

Management and supportive care will be different for every child with MPS IIIA. If your child has MPS IIIA, start by talking with their pediatrician, who may refer you to other specialists based on your child’s needs.

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